State of health of Russian adolescents

Abstract

The goal is to assess the state of health in 15–17 years old adolescents and justify the main medical and social directions for its protection.
 Materials and methods. An analysis based on the official statistics data in morbidity, disability, and mortality of the adolescent population in the Russian Federation for the period 2012–2022 was carried out. 
 Results. It has been noted a stagnation of the level of general and primary morbidity in adolescents, in the structure of which the majority were respiratory diseases. Among the general morbidity causes the first places were occupied by diseases of eyes, musculoskeletal system, injuries, poisoning, and other external causes, among the primary morbidity causes are injuries, poisoning and other external causes, diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, eyes. There was a significant reduction in the incidence of socially significant diseases (sexually transmitted infections, mental disorders associated with alcohol consumption, drug addiction, substance abuse, tuberculosis). The prevalence of disability in adolescents significantly exceeds that of the entire child population, and has a steady upward trend. In the structure of the general disability causes the first rank places were occupied by mental disorders and disorders of behaviour, diseases of the nervous, endocrine systems, and congenital anomalies. There is a significant decrease in teenage deaths, but at a pace slower than in the child population as a whole. In the structure of the main causes of mortality in 15–17 years children the vast majority were injuries, poisoning and other external causes, among which cases of damage with uncertain intentions, suicide, road accidents, drowning, and poisoning dominated.
 Conclusion. The problem of preserving and promoting the health and life of adolescents requires an integrated approach to its solution within the framework of special federal and regional programs. It is necessary to carry out targeted coordinated actions of federal executive bodies, services of the state and municipal health care system, social protection and education, executive authorities of the subjects of the Federation, local governments, scientific, and public organizations.