State of China's Climate in 2020

Abstract

This report is a summary of China's climate, as well as major weather and climate events, during 2020. In 2020, the mean air temperature in China was 10.25°C, which was 0.7°C above normal (1981–2010 average), and the annual rainfall was 694.8 mm, which was 10.3% above normal. In general, disasters caused by rainstorms and flooding were more serious than those by drought. In summer, southern China experienced the most severe flooding with extreme heavy rainstorms since 1998. Drought brought slight impacts and losses in China. The seasonal transition from spring to summer was earlier than normal. High temperatures occurred earlier than normal with extreme values, and lasted longer than normal in summer over the south of China. The number of landfalling typhoons was lower than normal. Cold-air processes had a wide influence and brought a substantial decrease in air temperature in local areas. Compared with the average values of the past 10 years, the affected crop area and the numbers of deaths and missing persons in 2020 were significantly smaller, while direct economic losses were slightly larger.摘要2020 年, 全国平均气温10.25°C, 较常年偏高0.7°C; 全国平均降水量694.8毫米, 比常年偏多10.3%. 总体上涝重于旱, 夏季南方地区发生1998 年以来最严重汛情, 暴雨洪涝灾害重; 干旱呈区域性阶段性特征, 灾害损失偏轻; 春夏季节转换早, 高温出现早, 极端性强, 夏季南方高温持续时间长; 登陆台风偏少, 影响时段和地域集中; 冷空气影响范围广, 局地降温幅度大. 与近十 年平均值相比, 气象灾害造成的农作物受灾面积和死亡失踪人口明显偏少, 直接经济损失略偏多.