Climate observation of the Three Gorges Region of the Yangtze River in 2019

Abstract

This report provides a broad overview of the climate and the major weather and climate events over the Three Gorges Region of the Yangtze River (TGR) in 2019. The year 2019, a 0.3 °C warmer year than normal, had a colder winter and warmer spring, summer, and autumn. Annual precipitation in 2019 was 13% less than normal. Below average normal rainfall amounts were received in all four seasons, with 28% and 16% less-than-normal in winter and summer, respectively. The annual mean wind speed in the TGR was higher than normal, and relative humidity was near normal for all four seasons. The intensity of acid rain in 2019 was the weakest since 1999. The major climate events and meteorological disasters in the TGR in 2019 included heat waves, drought, and rainstorms. Heat waves occurred frequently and persisted for long durations. Summer and autumn drought occurred in central and eastern regions of the TGR. The autumn rains of West China occurred earlier this year, which brought much more rainfall than normal in central and western regions of the TGR.摘要2019年, 长江三峡地区年平均气温17.5°C, 较常年偏高0.3°C; 冬季偏冷, 春,夏,秋三季气温均偏高; 年高温日数偏多. 2019年三峡地区年降水量1035.1毫米, 较常年偏少13%; 四季降水均偏少; 年暴雨日数偏少. 2019年, 长江三峡地区年平均风速较常年偏大; 年平均相对湿度接近常年; 酸雨强度弱, 为1999年以来的最弱年, 近十余年酸雨强度呈现明显的减弱趋势. 2019年, 长江三峡地区高温过程多, 持续时间长; 三峡中东部地区出现伏秋连旱; 华西秋雨开始早, 三峡中西部雨量多.