STATE AND IMPROVEMENT OF SANITARY AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL WELFARE MANAGEMENT IN THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC

Abstract

High morbidity, premature mortality and environmental pollution in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF) require improved management of sanitary and epidemiological wellfare. The aim of the study is to conduct a review of the state of the environment and public health, as well as propose solutions on the management improvement of sanitary and epidemiological welfare on the territory of the Russian Arctic. Methods. The materials of socio-hygienic monitoring form No. 2 "Information on infectious and parasitic diseases" and summary databases of records of occupational diseases (poisoning) for 2007-2018 were analyzed in the context of municipalities of the Russian Arctic. The risk of health disorders caused by contamination of drinking water and atmospheric air was assessed in accordance with R 2.1.10.1920-04 (Guidelines for assessing public health risk from exposure to chemicals polluting the environment). Results. In some Arctic regions, there are problems associated with a migration outflow (Vorkuta) and high mortality of the working population, high infant mortality and low life expectancy (Chukotka Autonomous Region). The population of the Russian Arctic in the main classes of diagnosed diseases for the first time in life is higher than at the average for Russia, the Nenets Autonomous Okrug is the territory of "risk" morbidity. In contrast to Russia as a whole, an increase in the incidence of occupational diseases is reported on the territory of the Russian Arctic. Conclusions. In a number of regions of the Russian Arctic, the population is exposed to unacceptable risks of health problems associated with air pollution and drinking water. According to the results of the study, we propose some priority measures to improve the management of sanitary and epidemiological well-being in the Russian Arctic.