Standardization of Diploid Codonopsis laceolata Root Extract as an Anti-Hyperuricemic Source

Seung-Yub Song,Min-Hee Kim,Seung-Sik Cho,Hak-Hyun Kim,Dae-Hun Park,Hee-Ock Boo,So-Hyeon Bok,Sung-Ho Lee

doi:10.3390/pr9112065

Seung-Yub Song, Min-Hee Kim + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9112065

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Abstract

Codonopsis lanceolate exerts various medicinal effects and has been used as a traditional medicine for inflammation, asthma, gastritis, and liver disease. Recently, we reported the xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of C. lanceolata extract and that lobetyolin, one of the key components, was a xanthine oxidase inhibitor. Lobetyolin showed anti-hyperuricemic activity in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we prepared various types of C. lanceolata extracts for the development of functional materials and natural drugs. We present the optimal analytical approach for the quality control and extraction optimization of C. lanceolata preparations. We established and validated a HPLC analysis for easy separation and quantification of the lobetyolin biomarker. Solvent extracts of C. lanceolata root were prepared and the profiles of the active marker and the optimal extraction methods were evaluated. The 100% ethanolic extract demonstrated the highest lobetyolin content. The validated HPLC method confirmed that lobetyolin was present in C. lanceolata root extracts. We suggest that the anti-hyperuricemic activities of C. lanceolata extract could be attributed to this marker compound. The results proposed that the 100% ethanolic extract could be used for the prevention of hyperurecemia, and that this analytical method and biomarker could be useful for the quality control of C. lanceolata preparations.

Highlights

Uric acid is an oxidative product of the purine metabolism pathway catalyzed by xanthine oxidase (XO) [1]
Hyperuricemia is characterized by increased uric acid levels in the blood as a result of XO mediation and inhibition of the renal excretion of uric acid by the body [2]
Gout is caused by the production of insoluble urate, resulting in gouty arthritis [3]

Summary

Introduction

Uric acid is an oxidative product of the purine metabolism pathway catalyzed by xanthine oxidase (XO) [1]. Gout is caused by the production of insoluble urate, resulting in gouty arthritis [3]. The prevalence of gout ranges from 0.1% to 10% across the world. More than two million people in the United States have gout [4,5]. Allopurinol and febuxostat, are used to treat hyperuricemia (HU) and gout [6,7]. These drugs have severe side effects that include skin rashes, infections, liver failure, fever, and allergic reactions [8,9,10]. New XO-inhibitory bioactive sources and plant-based medicines need to be explored as alternative medicines for HU and gout. We isolated the XO inhibitor lobetyolin from an extract of C. lanceolata root [11]

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Results

Conclusion