İSTANBUL, TÜRKIYE'DEKI TEKNOLOJI GELIŞIMININ SOSYOPOLITIK DEĞERLENDIRMESI

Abstract

Rapid technology development in Istanbul raises the concerns for studying the positive or negative impact of technology on the social and political sectors where technology is affecting the world. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a socio-political assessment of technology development in Istanbul. The study used a systematic literature review approach with standards of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. Articles published in 2011-2022 were retrieved from Scopus-indexed journals, and screened for their authenticity, eligibility, and full-text availability for selection. A total of 150 articles were initially identified, which, after the screening, and eligibility testing resulted in N = 10 articles. The results found two important outcomes. The first one is that technology has enhanced societal knowledge and communication with information and communication technology tools such as the Internet and social media. Technology also enhanced the development of planning and collaboration, such as in the municipal sector, for rainwater harvesting systems. This is proficient for water conservation and provides the opportunity for project collaboration and investments with the government in partnerships. In addition, Istanbul’s development of Fintech solutions has also facilitated businesses and governments to foster their financial governance. The system has advanced payments, and transactions with digital payments, online banking, peer-to-peer lending, and regulatory technology for finances. In Turkey, these solutions have fostered financial governance by advancing online payment and transactions with digital access to payment systems. However, secondly, the study found negative impacts of technology development on social and political sectors such as trends of digital exclusion in society, which became a policy issue. For political sectors, included studies mainly prescribe the social media-related political battles as reflecting the negative use of technology. This also reflects the concerns of cybersecurity and threats to data and their management. Overall, the technology development requires planning and strategic implementation. Other areas of technology development, such as software development and startup ecosystems, are also recommended for future research. Keywords: technology development, social impact, political impact, Istanbul.