Stackelberg Game-Based Power Allocation for V2X Communications.

Erqing Zhang,Sixing Yin,Huisheng Ma

doi:10.3390/s20010058

Abstract

Ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) is one of the three usage scenarios anticipated for 5G, which plays an important role in advanced applications of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications. In this paper, the Stackelberg game-based power allocation problem was investigated in V2X communications underlaying cellular networks. Assuming that the macro-cellular base station (MBS) sets the interference prices to protect itself from the V2X users (VUEs), the Stackelberg game was adopted to analyze the interaction between MBS and VUEs, where the former acts as a leader and the latter act as followers. For MBS, we aimed at maximizing its utility from interference revenue while considering the cost of interference. Meanwhile, the VUEs aimed at maximizing their utilities per unit power consumption. We analyzed the Stackelberg model and obtained the optimal prices for MBS and optimal transmit powers for VUEs. Simulation results demonstrated the superiority of the proposed Stackelberg game-based power allocation scheme in comparison with the traditional power allocation strategy. Meanwhile, the proposed scheme achieved a better trade-off between economic profit and power consumption.

Highlights

With the exponential growth of data services and smart terminals, there is a huge demand for wireless communications with higher speed, huger capacity, and quality of service (QoS) guarantee.The emergence of 5G technology will provide strong support for higher wireless capacities in a wide range of applications to meet the requirements in terms of capacity, latency, cost efficiency, and so on.As one of the 5G key technologies, device-to-device (D2D) communications allow user equipment (UE)to directly communicate with other neighboring UEs instead of evolved NodeB [1,2]
Numerical results are presented to evaluate the performance of the proposed power allocation scheme in V2X communication on the basis of the interference pricing approach
We considered a cellular network with two macrocell user equipments (MUEs) and two V2X users (VUEs) in order to ease the computation

Summary

Introduction

With the exponential growth of data services and smart terminals, there is a huge demand for wireless communications with higher speed, huger capacity, and quality of service (QoS) guarantee.The emergence of 5G technology will provide strong support for higher wireless capacities in a wide range of applications to meet the requirements in terms of capacity, latency, cost efficiency, and so on.As one of the 5G key technologies, device-to-device (D2D) communications allow user equipment (UE)to directly communicate with other neighboring UEs instead of evolved NodeB [1,2]. With the exponential growth of data services and smart terminals, there is a huge demand for wireless communications with higher speed, huger capacity, and quality of service (QoS) guarantee. The emergence of 5G technology will provide strong support for higher wireless capacities in a wide range of applications to meet the requirements in terms of capacity, latency, cost efficiency, and so on. D2D communications underlaying cellular communication system can take the advantages of frequency reuse gain and adjacency gain, which dramatically increase the system throughput and network capacity, reduce transmission delay, and save energy [3,4]. D2D based on terminal direct communication has its inherent advantages in terms of vehicle safety due to its characteristics, such as communication delay and proximity discovery. As one of the three major application scenarios in 5G, URLLC is able to provide V2X with enhanced system capabilities and better coverage. In view of the aforementioned advantages, information on road conditions and the surrounding environment can be effectively shared among vehicles and road infrastructures, which could further facilitate automated driving

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Conclusion