Abstract
Nano-sized heterogeneous polyoxometalate-based photocatalyst, Ag4H3PTi2W10O40, was synthesized in aqueous solution at room temperature. As-prepared samples showed high photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methyl orange (MO) dye aqueous solution under visible-light irradiation (λ>400nm), about 2.5 and 3.8 times faster than Ag3PW12O40 and N-doped TiO2, respectively. Remarkably, it exhibited extraordinary stability in repeated photocatalytic process, which is unusual for Ag salts because they are usually unstable under light irradiation. We attributed this mainly to the Ti4+ ion substitution. In brief, the incorporation of Ti4+ ions produces a new energy level (composed of Ti 3d state) in the oxygen-to-tungsten charge transfer energy gap, acting as electron trap and active center. In this way, photo-excited electrons are captured by Ti4+ ions and then immediately react with H2O2, not only decreasing the recombination of photo-generated electrons and holes, but also inhibiting the reduction of Ag+ into Ag atom and thus enhancing the photocatalytic activity and stability.
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