Abstract
Among the new energy storage devices, aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) have become the current research hot spot with significant advantages of low cost, high safety, and environmental protection. However, the cycle stability of cathode materials is unsatisfactory, which leads to great obstacles in the practical application of AZIBs. In recent years, a large number of studies have been carried out systematically and deeply around the optimization strategy of cathode material stability of AZIBs. In this review, the factors of cyclic stability attenuation of cathode materials and the strategies of optimizing the stability of cathode materials for AZIBs by vacancy, doping, object modification, and combination engineering were summarized. In addition, the mechanism and applicable material system of relevant optimization strategies were put forward, and finally, the future research direction was proposed in this article.
Highlights
In response to the global climate crisis, the research of new energy storage devices has been widely focused on expanding the application of renewable energy to replace fossil energy (Tan et al, 2020a; Wang et al, 2020a; Gan et al, 2020; Cai et al, 2021a; Liu et al, 2021a; Cai et al, 2021b; Deng et al, 2021; Zhao et al, 2021)
The progress of cathode stability optimization for aqueous zinc ion batteries has been reviewed; the main of which can be divided into four aspects, including the introduction of vacancy, substitution/gap doping, object modification, and combination engineering
Cathode stability optimization strategies can be designed from three aspects: inhibiting material dissolution, improving reaction reversibility, and enhancing structural stability
Summary
In response to the global climate crisis, the research of new energy storage devices has been widely focused on expanding the application of renewable energy to replace fossil energy (Tan et al, 2020a; Wang et al, 2020a; Gan et al, 2020; Cai et al, 2021a; Liu et al, 2021a; Cai et al, 2021b; Deng et al, 2021; Zhao et al, 2021). The primary factors causing the performance degradation of cathode materials for AZIBs are summarized, and optimization strategies for the stability of cathode materials are introduced. The attenuation of cathode material performance is mainly divided into the following situations: Irreversible phase transition: During the charge–discharge process of the battery, Zn2+ intercalation, ion/molecule cointercalation, and conversion reaction are likely to cause irreversible damage to the structure of cathode materials (Chen et al, 2020). ZnxMnO2 will be formed when Zn2+ is inserted into the space of MnO2 with a layered structure, while MnOOH with a tunnel structure will be formed when H+ is inserted into the material in solution (Liu et al, 2021b; Ma et al, 2021) This phase transition in varying degrees will destroy part of the original structure, resulting in the attenuation of performance. According to the research reported at present, the cycle stability of cathode materials can be optimized from four aspects: introduction of vacancy, substitution/gap doping, object modification, and combination engineering
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