Abstract
The anesthetic propofol and other exhaled organic compounds can be sampled in Tenax sorbent tubes and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stability of propofol in Tenax sorbent tubes during overseas shipping. This is relevant for international pharmacokinetic studies on propofol in exhaled air. Tenax sorbent tube propofol samples with concentrations between 10 and 100 ng were prepared by liquid injection and with a calibration gas generator. For each preparation method, one reference set was analyzed immediately after preparation, a second set was stored at room temperature, and a third one was stored refrigerated. The fourth set was sent from Germany by airmail to USA and back. The shipped set of tubes was analyzed when it returned after 55 days elapsed. Then, the room temperature samples and the refrigerated stored samples were also analyzed. To evaluate the stability of propofol in the stored and shipped tubes, we calculated the recovery rates of each sample set. The mean recovery in the stored samples was 101.2% for the liquid preparation and 134.6% for the gaseous preparation at 4°C. At 22°C, the recovery was 96.1% for liquid preparation and 92.1% for gaseous preparation, whereas the shipped samples had a recovery of 85.3% and 111.3%. Thus, the deviation of the shipped samples is within a range of 15%, which is analytically acceptable. However, the individual values show significantly larger deviations of up to -32.1% (liquid) and 30.9% (gaseous). We conclude that storage of propofol on Tenax tubes at room temperature for 55 days is possible to obtain acceptable results. However, it appears that due to severe temperature and pressure variations air shipment of propofol samples in Tenax tubes without cooling shows severe deviations from the initial concentration. Although it was not tested in this study, we assume that refrigerated transport might be necessary to obtain comparable results as in the stored samples.
Highlights
Propofol is one of the most commonly used intravenous anesthetics
We demonstrated that propofol is storable on Tenax sorbent tubes for at least two weeks at ambient temperature [6]
No peak interferences were observed around the retention time of propofol (RT=7.5 min) (Figure 1)
Summary
Propofol is one of the most commonly used intravenous anesthetics. Due to the high volume of distribution and the high clearance, relatively high plasma concentrations are required for adequate anesthesia. Since propofol is volatile and the blood and alveolar space are in equilibrium after a defined time, the drug is exhaled during anesthesia [1]. Several studies have shown a good correlation between the exhaled and plasma propofol concentration [2, 3]. Online measurement of propofol concentrations in exhaled air is an innovative approach for personalized dosage. The opportunity for this promising technique has emerged due to a new mobile ion mobility spectrometry device Worldwide studies are expected to establish pharmacological models for the prediction of propofol concentrations in blood from breath concentration since a direct inference from the breath to the blood level is not possible as exhaled concentrations adapt to changes in the plasma concentration with a time delay when concentrations are not in steady state [4]
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