Abstract
ABSTRACT Surfactant use in spray solutions has a major advantage of reducing droplet surface tension and increasing deposition. We aimed to evaluate droplet deposition on cattail plants (Typha subulata) using food coloring (Brilliant Blue - FD & C-1) as marker added to spray solution at two different growth stages: vegetative (4 leaves) and flowering (5 leaves). The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications and five plants per plot (16.2-L tanks). Treatments consisted of adding into spray solutions Brilliant Blue alone (control), Brilliant Blue + 0.5% v/v Aterbane and Brilliant Blue + 0.01% v/v Silwet. Spraying was performed by a pressurized CO2 sprayer at 220 kPa using two Teejet XR 8002 nozzles at a spray volume of 200 L ha-1. We observed that surfactant addition provided uniform deposition of spray solution on T. subulata plants at both growth stages compared to treatments without surfactant. However, this product has not increased spray deposits on cattail leaves at both stages.
Highlights
Most studies on crop protection have been evaluating leaf morphology and plant architecture influences on spray solution retention on leaves; those studies have not taking into account possible variations from physical and chemical properties of commercial formulations (VIGANO & RAETANO, 2007)
The use of surfactants in herbicide sprays has as main benefit the reduction of droplet surface tension, which can increase deposition
We evaluated spray droplet deposition on cattail leaves at two growth stages
Summary
Most studies on crop protection have been evaluating leaf morphology and plant architecture influences on spray solution retention on leaves; those studies have not taking into account possible variations from physical and chemical properties of commercial formulations (VIGANO & RAETANO, 2007). Eng. Agríc., Jaboticabal, v.36, n.1, p.194-205, jan./fev. The use of surfactants in herbicide sprays has as main benefit the reduction of droplet surface tension, which can increase deposition. MENDONÇA et al (2007) and TERRA et al (2014) observed increased droplet deposits on leaves of different crops by adding surfactants, such as Aterbane and Silwet, into spray solutions. Cuticle surface physical and chemical properties determine leaf wettability and represent the first barrier against penetration of applied chemicals; influencing product deposition, distribution and retention on plants. Plant surfaces may present distinct characteristics as being fully hygroscopic or even hydrophobic (WANG et al, 2014)
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