Abstract
An analytical expression is proposed for the rate of radiative decay of excitations of optical centers in an ellipsoidal nanoparticle that is considerably smaller than the light wavelength (a, b, c ≪ λ) and is embedded in the surrounding medium. This expression is compared with the corresponding expression for a bulk crystal. The time of radiative decay in nanoparticles spherical in shape and identical in size (2R ≪ λ) is derived as a function of the dielectric characteristics of a nanocomposite and the nanoparticle volume fraction C in suspensions and aerosols. The expressions describing the emission and absorption cross sections in spherical nanoparticles are obtained. The experimentally measured and theoretically calculated decay times of metastable levels of rare-earth impurity ions in YAG and Y2O3 crystalline nanoparticles are compared with those for bulk crystals with the same structure.
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