Abstract
Image segmentation is a very challenging task in digital image processing field. It is defined as the process of takeout objects from an image by dividing it into different regions where regions that depicts some information are called objects. There are different types of image segmentation algorithms. The segmentation process depends upon the type of description required for an application for which segmentation is to be performed. Hence, there is no universally accepted segmentation algorithm. Region segmentation is divided into three categories region growing, split and merge and watershed. But this study confines only to split and merge techniques. This paper includes split and merge approaches and their extended versions. This study highlights the main limitations and potentials of these approaches.
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