Abstract

espanolResumen: La apertura de la economia mexicana transformo por completo la dinamica de crecimiento del Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) per capita de los diversos estados del pais, con una clara tendencia a concentrar el crecimiento en regiones especificas. En este estudio, cuantificamos el efecto derrame o indirecto de la complejidad economica sobre el crecimiento con base en los siguientes dos hechos: i) la complejidad economica es un factor importante para explicar las tasas de crecimiento del PIB, y ii) hay un patron regional claro en la complejidad economica de los estados, i.e., la variable complejidad economica muestra una autocorrelacion espacial positiva. Nuestros resultados muestran: i) que el efecto derrame o indirecto estimado de la complejidad en el crecimiento es positivo y no insignificante, particularmente para los estados del norte del pais, cuya propia complejidad economica es tan importante como la de sus vecinos. Por el contrario, el efecto indirecto en los estados del sur es negativo. Estar ubicado al lado de estados con bajos niveles de complejidad economica tiene una externalidad negativa significativa que casi anula el efecto positivo del propio nivel de complejidad de un estado. Nuestros hallazgos nos llevan a concluir que los efectos indirectos pueden haber jugado un papel mas importante para explicar el patron diverso de crecimiento entre el norte y el sur de Mexico de lo que se pensaba anteriormente. EnglishAbstract: The opening up of the Mexican economy completely transformed the growth dynamics of the per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country’s various states, with a clear tendency towards growth being concentrated in specific regions. In this study, we quantify the indirect or spillover effect of economic complexity on growth based on the following two facts: i) economic complexity is an important factor in explaining GDP growth rates, and ii) there is a clear regional pattern in the states’ economic complexity, i.e., the economic complexity variable shows a positive spatial autocorrelation. Our results provide two insights: first, that the estimated positive spillover effect of complexity on growth is not negligible, particularly for states in the north of the country, whose own economic complexity is as important as that of their neighbors. In contrast, the spillover effect in southern states is negative. Being located next to states with low levels of economic complexity has a significant negative externality that almost overrides the positive effect of a state’s own level of complexity. Our findings lead us to conclude that spillover effects may have played a more important role in explaining the diverse pattern of growth between northern and southern Mexico than previously thought.

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