Abstract
A numerical study is performed on the horizontal and uplift wave forces acting on open-type sea access roads. Numerical simulations are performed using the 2D δ-SPH model. In boundary condition, the static pressure difference between the fixed ghost particle and its interpolation point is calculated considering the distance between the interpolation node and the free surface. To avoid improper dynamic pressure measurements, an improved pressure measurement technique is incorporated with the numerical model. To increase the calculation accuracy for the upper region of the sea access road under wave conditions involving a large wave height with overtopping, Adaptive Particle Refinement (APR) is performed. Comparison of the numerical and experimental results demonstrates the high accuracy of the SPH scheme. Based on the numerical results, the characteristics of the wave force on the sea access road are investigated. Furthermore, the maximum horizontal and uplift wave forces on the sea access road are presented for cases involving different water depths, wave heights and wave periods. In this manner, the effects of the wave period on the wave force are clarified. Finally, the influence of the seaside slope on the wave force is examined.
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