Abstract
An increasing number of vehicles make spectrum resources face serious challenges in vehicular cognitive small-cell networks. The means of spectrum sharing can greatly alleviate this pressure. In this paper, we introduce a supermodular game theoretic approach to analyze the problem of spectrum sharing. The small-cell BS (primary service provider, PSP) and the vehicle (secondary service provider, SSP) can share the spectrum, where the PSP can sell idle spectrum resources to the SSP. This is taken as a spectrum trading market, and a Bertrand competition model is considered to depict this phenomenon. Different PSPs compete with each other to maximize their individual profits. The Bertrand competition model can be proved as a supermodular game, and the corresponding Nash equilibrium (NE) solution is provided as the optimal price solution. Hence, an improved genetic simulated annealing algorithm is designed to achieve NE. Simulation results demonstrate that the NE point for the price of the primary service provider exists. The change of the exogenous variable is also analyzed on the equilibrium point.
Highlights
With the improvement of people’s living standards and the continuous development of vehicular networks technologies, more and more people choose to buy a car as a means of transportation [1]. e explosive growth of the number of vehicles directly changes the traditional car network communication
(2) We present the solution of the Bertrand competition model
Based on cloud computing [21], authors proposed a dynamic data allocation method according to application demands and further designed the concept of green computing to optimize the number of users
Summary
With the improvement of people’s living standards and the continuous development of vehicular networks technologies, more and more people choose to buy a car as a means of transportation [1]. e explosive growth of the number of vehicles directly changes the traditional car network communication. Reasonable use of base station (BS) resource and cognitive radio can effectively improve QoS of vehicular communication for small-cell networks In this context, vehicle as unlicensed user can adopt idle frequency bands which are not occupied by licensed users through trading to enhance the utilization of spectrum and capacity of small-cell networks. In [4] and [5], the authors studied the spectrum sharing problem for two PSPs and multiple PSPs on solving competitive market, respectively Most of these works are carried out on cognitive networks, and fewer applications are in smallcell networks, especially for vehicular communication. (1) We propose the Bertrand competition model on spectrum sharing problem between small-cell BSs and vehicles in vehicular cognitive small-cell networks. (3) Based on numerical results, we verify that the proposed Bertrand competition model can solve the spectrum sharing problem of the vehicular cognitive small-cell networks.
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