Abstract

This is a retrospective study that was set out to describe the spectrum of congenital heart disease using echocardiography in two main centers in Basra over a period of 24 months from June (2006-2008). Children with the diagnosis of congenital heart disease were selected; information obtained from their records included age, gender, clinical diagnosis and chocardiography finding. Five hundred seventy patients had congenital heart disease making 40% of 1414 examined children. There were 309(54%) males and 261(46%) females (ratio 1.2:1); their ages ranged from 3 days to 19 years. Two hundred forty four (42.8%) children referred for echocardiography before the age of one year and two hundred one (35.2%) were 1-4 years of age. Ventricular septal defect was the most common congenital heart disease present in 247 patients (43.3%), of these (81.8%) were membranous in type, 41(16.6%) were muscular, and 4(1.6%) were supracristal type. The second commonest congenital heart disease diagnosed by echocardiography was tetralogy of Fallot in 72(12.6%) of examined children. Sixty eight (11.9%) had atrial septal defects, out of which 55(80.9%) were of secundum type, 7(10.3%) were primum, 5(7.4%) had sinus venosus defect and only one case with coronary sinus defect. Distribution of specific lesions and sex distribution were similar to findings from other parts of the world; However, the overall detection rate at 1 year of age was lower, with increasing availability of echocardiography facilities more cases of congenital heart defects are likely to be identified early.

Highlights

  • Congenital heart defects (CHD) represent some of the more prevalent malformations among live births and remained the leading cause of death from congenital malformations.[1,2] CHD defined as an abnormality in cardio circulatory structure or function that is present at birth, even if it is discovered much later.[3]

  • A total of 1414 echocardiography examinations were done over 24 months, five hundred seventy (40%) patients had CHD

  • The presence and severity of any cardiac malformation was analyzed with similar approach had been followed in American Society of Echocardiography[6] and other studies.[7,8]

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Summary

Introduction

Congenital heart defects (CHD) represent some of the more prevalent malformations among live births and remained the leading cause of death from congenital malformations.[1,2] CHD defined as an abnormality in cardio circulatory structure or function that is present at birth, even if it is discovered much later.[3].

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