Spectroscopy in Catalysis

Abstract

Part 1 Introduction: heterogeneous catalysis aim of catalysis characterization spectroscopic techniques research strategies. Part 2 Temperature programmed techniques: temperature programmed reduction temperature programmed sulfidation temperature programmed reaction spectroscopy thermal desorption spectroscopy. Part 3 Photoemission and auger spectroscopy: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) auger electron spectroscopy. Part 4 The ion spectroscopies: secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) secondary neutral mass spectrometry (SNMS) ion scattering - the collision process Rutherford back scattering spectrometry (RBS) low energy ion scattering (LEIS). Part 5 Mossbauer spectroscopy: the Mossbauer effect Mossbauer spectroscopy Mossbauer spectroscopy in catalyst characterization. Part 6 Diffraction and EXAFS: X-ray diffraction low energy electron diffraction extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). Part 7 Microscopy and related techniques: electron microscopy scanning probe microscopy - AFM and STM field emission and ion microscopy. Part 8 The vibrational spectroscopies: theory of molecular vibrations infrared spectroscopy Raman spectroscopy electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) concluding remarks. Part 9 Case studies in catalyst characterization: supported rhodium catalysts cobalt-molybdenum sulfide hydrodesulfurization catalysts alkali promoters on metal surfaces concluding remarks. Appendix: metal surfaces, chemisorption and magnetism - theory of metal surfaces chemisorption on metals magnetism in small particles.