Spectroscopy and dynamics of the predissociated, quasi-linear S2 state of chlorocarbene

Abstract

In this work, we report on the spectroscopy and dynamics of the quasi-linear S(2) state of chlorocarbene, CHCl, and its deuterated isotopologue using optical-optical double resonance (OODR) spectroscopy through selected rovibronic levels of the S(1) state. This study, which represents the first observation of the S(2) state in CHCl, builds upon our recent examination of the corresponding state in CHF, where pronounced mode specificity was observed in the dynamics, with predissociation rates larger for levels containing bending excitation. In the present work, a total of 14 S(2) state vibrational levels with angular momentum l = 1 were observed for CHCl, and 34 levels for CDCl. The range of l in this case was restricted by the pronounced Renner-Teller effect in the low-lying S(1) levels, which severely reduces the fluorescence lifetime for levels with K(a) > 0. Nonetheless, by exploiting different intermediate S(1) levels, we observed progressions involving all three fundamental vibrations. For levels with long predissociation lifetimes, rotational constants were determined by measuring spectra through different intermediate J levels of the S(1) state. Plots of the predissociation linewidth (lifetime) vs. energy for various S(2) levels show an abrupt onset, which lies near the calculated threshold for elimination to form C((3)P) + HCl on the triplet surface. Our experimental results are compared with a series of high level ab initio calculations, which included the use of a dynamically weighted full-valence CASSCF procedure, focusing maximum weight on the state of interest (the singlet and triplet states were computed separately). This was used as the reference for subsequent Davidson-corrected MRCI(+Q) calculations. These calculations reveal the presence of multiple conical intersections in the singlet manifold.