Abstract
Mixed-ligand palladium(II) chloride complexes bearing the nucleobases, adenine (Ad), cytosine (Cyt), and guanine (Gua), have been synthesized and characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometric methods, magnetic susceptibility, molar conductivity, elemental analysis, FTIR, and1H-NMR. The complexes were found to have the composition cis-[PdCl2(Gua)(Cyt)], cis-[PdCl2(Ad)(Cyt)], and cis-[PdCl2(Ad)(Gua)]. A four-coordinated square-planar geometry is proposed for these Pd(II) complexes based on magnetic evidence and electronic spectra. The complexes as well as the free nucleobase ligands were tested for theirin vitrocytotoxicity on human promyelocytic leukemia (HL60) and human histiocytic leukemia (U937) cell lines. cis-[PdCl2(Ad)(Gua)] showed IC50values of 11.29 ± 2.91 and 8.31 ± 1.44 μM against HL60 and U937, respectively, which was higher than that of the positive control (curcumin) against U937. The complexes also showed significant antioxidant activity when tested against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylradical (DPPH).
Highlights
The versatility of nucleobases has made them suitable ligands for the synthesis of numerous transition metal complexes [1,2,3,4,5]
In this study we present the synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and Journal of Inorganic Chemistry antioxidant as well as in vitro cytotoxicity of palladium(II) complexes with purine and pyrimidine nucleobases as ligands on human promyelocytic leukemia (HL60) and human histiocytic leukemia (U937) cell lines
We reported the synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of mixed ligand Pd(II) chloride complexes bearing the nucleobases cytosine, adenine, and guanine
Summary
The versatility of nucleobases has made them suitable ligands for the synthesis of numerous transition metal complexes [1,2,3,4,5]. Mixed-ligand complexes play a key role in biological chemistry [14] because mixed chelation occurs commonly in biological fluids as millions of potential ligands are likely to compete for metal ions in vivo [15] Because of this profound role, mixed-ligand complexes have been extensively studied for their thermodynamic [16,17,18] as well as kinetic stability [19,20,21,22,23]. In this study we present the synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and Journal of Inorganic Chemistry antioxidant as well as in vitro cytotoxicity of palladium(II) complexes with purine and pyrimidine nucleobases as ligands on human promyelocytic leukemia (HL60) and human histiocytic leukemia (U937) cell lines
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