Abstract
To protect the natural marine ecosystem, it is necessary to continuously enhance knowledge of environmental contamination, including oil pollution. Therefore, to properly track the qualitative and quantitative changes in the natural components of seawater, a description of the essential spectral features describing petroleum products is necessary. This study characterises two optically-different types of crude oils (Petrobaltic and Romashkino) – substances belonging to multi-fluorophoric systems. To obtain the spectral features of crude oils, the excitation-emission spectroscopy technique was applied. The fluorescence and light absorption properties for various concentrations of oils at a stabilised temperature are described. Both excitation-emission spectra (EEMs) and absorption spectra of crude oils are discussed. Based on the EEM spectra, both excitation end emission peaks for the wavelength-independent fluorescence maximum (Exmax/Emmax) – characteristic points for each type of oil – were identified and compared with the literature data concerning typical marine chemical structures.
Highlights
The implementation of sanctions for oil spills to meet the requirements of the protection of the marine environment has led to a significant decrease in registered oil spills [1]
We present the excitation-emission spectra and absorption spectra for two types of crude oils, Petrobaltic and Romashkino
excitation-emission spectra (EEMs) spectra for the two crude oils diluted in n-hexane for four concentrations at a stabilised temperature of 20◦C were determined
Summary
The implementation of sanctions for oil spills to meet the requirements of the protection of the marine environment has led to a significant decrease in registered oil spills [1]. In recent times there has been a significant increase in the intensity of maritime transport, which has led to an increased risk of an oil spill as a consequence of possible marine accidents. It is worth broadening the scope of rapid detection to determine the source of the oil leak as well as identify the perpetrator. The complex structure of petroleum products requires the application of the most sensitive techniques possible. From among the various techniques, the most efficient method for highly complex structures seems to be fluorescence [9, 10] due to its high sensitivity
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