Special Olympics involvement and families of individuals with intellectual disabilities: Impacts on sense of community, social isolation, and health

Abstract

ABSTRACT Research question Families of individuals with intellectual disabilities face high levels of stress and social isolation. This study examines the role of Special Olympics in reducing social isolation and improving wellbeing of family caregivers. Research methods Using an instrumental case study approach, we examined the role of Special Olympics in creating a sense of community and perceived impacts on health for caregivers of athletes with intellectual disabilities (n = 14). Results and findings Results suggest participation in Special Olympics was instrumental in developing sense of community. While intragroup conflict also emerged, the community was durable and no parties exited the organization. Participants noted importance of Special Olympics in reducing social isolation and improving mental health. Thus, family members experienced multiple health-related benefits from secondary engagement with the organization. Practical implications Findings suggest the presence of a durable community for families of Special Olympic athletes, instrumental in reducing stress and improving mental wellbeing. Organizations should develop specific programming to maximize benefits for secondary stakeholders Research contribution We argue research must more fully consider the impact of sport and leisure on secondary stakeholders. Consistent with research in youth sports, in addition to athletes themselves, family members benefitted from engagement with the organization.