Special attention to women experiencing high-risk pregnancy: Delivery, care assistance and neonatal outcomes in two Brazilian maternity wards

Abstract

BackgroundTo compare two care models of high-risk pregnant women--a House for Pregnant Women, staffed by nurse-midwives, versus a traditional care model in a hospital maternity ward. DesignThis was across-sectional study conducted in two reference maternity hospitals for high-risk pregnancies, in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The sample consisted of 312 high-risk pregnant women consecutively admitted from January 1st to December 31st, 2010, either to the House for Pregnant Women (n=247), or the hospital maternity ward (n=65). Gestational ages varied from 22 weeks to 36 weeks and six days. We measured individual, demographic, obstetric, labour and delivery variables, and newborn characteristics. For data analysis, we used descriptive, bivariate and multivariate statistics using Poisson regression, with a 5% significance level. FindingsAt the conventional hospital maternity ward, more women had six or more antenatal exams, greater frequencies of diagnosis related to blood pressure, and a greater number of women underwent either a C-section or a vaginal delivery with an episiotomy and analgesia. At the House for Pregnant Women, the majority of the hospitalizations were related to preterm labour and premature rupture of membranes. There were no statistical differences in the newborn characteristics. Key conclusionsThe House for Pregnant Women care model, utilizing midwives was less interventionist, yet with results as favorable as in a conventional maternity hospital setting.