Abstract
Net Primary Productivity (NPP) is one of the significant indicators to measure environmental changes; thus, the relevant study of NPP in Northeast China, Asia, is essential to climate changes and ecological sustainable development. Based on the Global Production Efficiency (GLO-PEM) model, this study firstly estimated the NPP in Northeast China, from 2001 to 2019, and then analyzed its spatio-temporal evolution, future changing trend and phenology regularity. Over the years, the NPP of different forests type in Northeast China showed a gradual increasing trend. Compared with other different time stages, the high-value NPP (700–1300 gC·m−2·a−1) in Changbai Mountain, from 2017 to 2019, is more widely distributed. For instance, the NPP has an increasing rate of 6.92% compared to the stage of 2011–2015. Additionally, there was a significant advance at the start of the vegetation growth season (SOS), and a lag at the end of the vegetation growth season (EOS), from 2001 to 2019. Thus, the whole growth period of forests in Northeast China became prolonged with the change of phenology. Moreover, analysis on the sustainability of NPP in the future indicates that the reverse direction feature of NPP change will be slightly stronger than the co-directional feature, meaning that about 30.68% of the study area will switch from improvement to degradation. To conclude, these above studies could provide an important reference for the sustainable development of forests in Northeast China.
Highlights
In order to restore the fragile ecosystem, reduce environmental pollution, and reduce restrictions of natural resources on socioeconomic development, the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed a strategic plan that actively promotes the construction of an ecological civilization by integrating ecological aspect into the entire process of economic, political, cultural and social construction
There was a significant advance at the start of the vegetation growth season (SOS), and a lag at the end of the vegetation growth season (EOS), from 2001 to 2019
Analysis on the sustainability of Net Primary Productivity (NPP) in the future indicates that the reverse direction feature of NPP change will be slightly stronger than the co-directional feature, meaning that about 30.68% of the study area will switch from improvement to degradation
Summary
In order to restore the fragile ecosystem, reduce environmental pollution, and reduce restrictions of natural resources on socioeconomic development, the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed a strategic plan that actively promotes the construction of an ecological civilization by integrating ecological aspect into the entire process of economic, political, cultural and social construction. The realization of an ecological civilization is a complex and comprehensive project [1,2], which involves politics, economy, culture and pollution control and other aspects, and is closely related to the sustainable development of forest ecosystem. As an important player in the harmony between human and nature, forest ecosystem in East Asia plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining global biodiversity, regulating climate, conserving water, and providing biological resources and other economic goods [7,8,9,10]. The sustainable development of forest ecosystem has gradually and globally become of concern [11,12,13]
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