Abstract
Tourism is crucial for promoting industrial development and is an important driver of China’s new type of urbanization. A tourism urbanization index system was constructed in three dimensions: the tourism industry, urbanization, and the ecological environment. The spatial–temporal differentiation characteristics and influencing factors of tourism urbanization in 35 major tourist cities in China from 2009 to 2018 were analyzed using the state space method, standard deviation ellipse, and spatial autocorrelation analysis. The results show the following. (1) Over time, the tourism industry index displays an upward trend, the urbanization index exhibits a more obvious upward trend, and the ecological environment index fluctuates strongly. Under the influence of all three factors, the tourism urbanization index shows a fluctuating rising trend. (2) Regarding the spatial distribution pattern, the development center of tourism urbanization shifts to the southeast, and the distribution direction is northeast-southwest. There is a significant agglomeration in global spatial autocorrelation. The local spatial correlation pattern is dominated by correlation characteristics and supplemented by different characteristics. (3) In terms of influencing factors, policy and regional development strategy, tourism resource endowment, economic development level, and traffic conditions are listed in descending order of influencing degree. Finally, we put forward some suggestions.
Highlights
(3) In terms of influencing factors, policy and regional development strategy, tourism resource endowment, economic development level, and traffic conditions are listed in descending order of influencing degree
This paper argues that tourism urbanization means that, through the development of the tourism industry, the region has changed its traditional mode of urbanization development and the quality of the ecological environment, and has promoted the aggregation of population, industry, and the expansion and reconstruction of space
The results showed that the global Moran’s I index of the tourism urbanization index was positive and passed the significance test (p < 0.01, Z > 2.58)
Summary
Over the past 40 years, China’s urbanization has undergone major changes and made great progress. In 2019, the tourism industry accounted for 11.05% of the GDP, which illustrates its strength as a driving force [1]. China’s goal for its ecological environment is sustainable development. On this basis, promoting the development of tourism, vigorously pursuing urbanization and improving the ecological environment are important measures for China as the nation faces new patterns of regional development and sustainable economic development [2]. How to accomplish common development of the tourism industry and urbanization within the context of the ecological environment in order to maximize tourism advantages and optimize urbanization construction has emerged as a pressing issue
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