Abstract

The combined data from the ESA Mobile Raman Polarization and Water Vapor Lidar (EMORAL), the LATMOS Bistatic Doppler Cloud Radar System for Atmospheric Studies (BASTA), and the INOE Microwave Radiometer (HATPRO-G2) have been used to explore the synergy for the spatio-temporal discrimination of polarization and molecular, aerosol and cloud scattering. The threshold-based methodology is proposed to perform an aerosol-cloud typing using the three instruments. It is demonstrated for 24 hours of observations on 10 June 2019 in Rzecin, Poland. A new scheme for target classification, developed collaboratively by the FUW and the OUC, can help determine molecules, aerosol (spherical, non-spherical, fine, coarse), cloud phase (liquid, ice, supercooled droplets) and precipitation (drizzle, rain). For molecular, aerosol, and cloud discrimination, the thresholds are set on the backward scattering ratio, the linear particle depolarization ratio and the backscatter colour ratio, all calculated from lidar signals. For the cloud phase and precipitation categorization, the thresholds are set on the reflectivity and the Doppler velocity derived from cloud radar signals. For boundary layer particles, precipitation, and supercooled droplets separation, the thresholds are set on the profiles of temperature and relative humidity obtained by the microwave radiometer. The algorithm is able to perform separation even under complicated meteorological situation, as in the presented case study.

Highlights

  • The 24/7 ground-based remote sensing measurements of aerosol and clouds are an important source of information, as they can obtain high resolution, long-term data in well-defined areas on a continuous basis [e.g. 1–3]

  • The aim of this paper is to propose a new threshold based methodology that can be used for studies of aerosol and cloud properties and types, including the cloud phase, using the synergy of lidar, cloud radar and microwave radiometer to provide better forecasting and climate models [18,35]

  • The measurements used in this paper were obtained during a joint field campaign as part of two European Space Agency (ESA) activities: The Technical Assistance for the Polish Radar and Lidar Mobile Observation System (POLIMOS) and the Technical Assistance for a Romanian Atmospheric Mobile Observation System (RAMOS)

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Summary

Introduction

The 24/7 ground-based remote sensing measurements of aerosol and clouds are an important source of information, as they can obtain high resolution, long-term data in well-defined areas on a continuous basis [e.g. 1–3]. Their data products are closer to target particles than satellite observations and have a better spatio-temporal resolution and accuracy [1]. Space-borne sensors can provide a good temporal coverage In this case the major challenge is to obtain information on aerosol and clouds with a high vertical resolution [e.g. 12,14]. Both active and passive ground-based remote sensing observations are necessary to complement airborne and satellite observations

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