Spatial injustice in the context of cemeteries: The case of Surabaya, Indonesia

Abstract

Big cities in Indonesia are faced with the issue of scarcity of cemeteries. This case study explores the effects of spatial regulations on the allocation of space for cemeteries in Surabaya, where 11 out of the 13 cemeteries managed by the city authorities are full. Using the lens of theory of spatial justice, secondary data collected was from documentary and doctrinal sources. Primary data was collected through in-depth interviews with cemetery officials. This was complemented with discussions with spatial planning experts and focus groups. Data analyses suggested that cemeteries were perceived as residual green open space and often yielded to commodification, with severe implications for marginalized groups. The paper proposes that the government must make regulations to prevent cemetery spaces from being converted for economic activities. The regulations should prevent capital interest from turning cemeteries into commodities.