Spatial Distributions and Model Selections of Commercial Estuarine Fish (Sciaenidae) Populations Related to Water Quality, Chl-a, and AML in Musi River mouth, South Sumatra

Andriwibowo Andriwibowo,Erwin Nurdin,Adi Basukriadi

doi:10.5614/3bio.2021.3.2.1

Andriwibowo Andriwibowo, Erwin Nurdin + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.5614/3bio.2021.3.2.1

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Abstract

Estuary and river mouth are essential habitats for many commercial estuarine fishes, including the Sciaenidae family. While recently, estuaries have been threatened by anthropogenic marine litter (AML) transported from nearby land and river. An important type of AML is plastic litter since it takes a long degradation time. In the South Sumatra Province, Indonesia, one of the vital estuaries is the Musi estuary. This paper aims to map the spatial distributions of two Sciaenids, including Panna microdon and Otolithoides pama, and Sciaenid’s environmental covariates, including water quality, chlorophyll a, and plastic litters in Musi estuary and model the correlations of Sciaenids with their covariates. The maps were developed using GIS, and the model was validated using AIC methods. The data were collected from 3 river mouths in the west, central, and east of the Musi estuary. The data showed that the populations of both Sciaenids were higher in the east river mouth rather than in the west. Sciaenid populations were positively correlated with high salinity, DO, chlorophyll a, moderate transparency, and low temperature. A high load of AML’s frequency (7.54 items/m2) and weights (36.8 gram/m2) has reduced both Sciaenid populations in the central river mouth of the estuary. In contrast, low AML loads in the east have correlated with high Sciaenid populations. Model selection based on AIC values shows the best model for P.microdon retained an effect of AML weight with AIC values of 22.591 and 28.321 for O. pama. This concludes that the weight of plastic litter in estuary water was the main limiting factor for Sciaenid populations in Musi.

Highlights

The Sciaenidae family includes 70 genus and 270 species [1] with geographical distribution, including the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans
Several Sciaenids are new to aquaculture and have good aquaculture potential worldwide, e.g., Argyrosomus japonicas distributed in Australia, southern Africa, and Taiwan; Sciaena umbra found in Greece and Turkey; S. ocellatus inhabits China, USA, Israel, Mexico, and Taiwan; Umbrina cirrosa distributed in Cyprus, Spain, Greece, Italy, and Turkey; and A. regius inhabits Spain, Egypt, France, Italy, Morocco and Turkey [5]
Among 3 river mouths in Musi, the highest O. pama population with a frequency up to 17.9% was observed in the eastern parts of Musi estuary or the Upang river, mainly in the river mouth areas

Summary

Introduction

The Sciaenidae family includes 70 genus and 270 species [1] with geographical distribution, including the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans. Some sciaenid species can be considered to have a commercial value for aquaculture production, the red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) [2] and the yellow croaker [3]. In Indonesia, the production of Sciaenidae accounted for 12,404 t, ranked as the second most commercial fish caught [4]. In Indonesia, Sciaenids have been the dominant species caught from estuaries. Sciaenids are an important stock in Malaka waters besides fishes from Scaridae, Mullidae, and Nemipteridae families. Among other Sciaenids, Johnius belangerii is the most caught and consumed species [6]. Besides this species, other Sciaenids that have commercial value is Otolithoides pama. The biomass of O. pama accounted for 0.49% of the total biomass of fish caught in the Barito estuary [7]

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