Abstract
Titanium aluminides (TiAl) have the potential of substituting nickel-based superalloys (NBSAs) in the aerospace industries owing to their lightweight, good mechanical and oxidation properties. Functional simplicity, control of sintering parameters, exceptional sintering speeds, high reproducibility, consistency and safety are the main benefits of spark plasma sintering (SPS) over conventional methods. Though TiAl exhibit excellent high temperature properties, SPS has been employed to improve on the poor ductility at room temperature. Powder metallurgical processing techniques used to promote the formation of refined, homogeneous and contaminant-free structures, favouring improvements in ductility and other properties are discussed. This article further reviews published work on phase constituents, microstructures, alloy developments and mechanical properties of TiAl alloys produced by SPS. Finally, an overview of challenges in as far as the implementation of TiAl in industries of interest are highlighted.
Highlights
Titanium-based intermetallics can be defined as metallic materials consisting of approximate stochiometric ratios in ordered crystal structures [1]
The greatest disadvantage of α2 -Ti3 Al is poor toughness and fatigue crack growth, shifting much research and development more on γ-titanium aluminides (TiAl). These possess properties which include good creep and oxidation properties at elevated temperature applications, low densities (3.9–4.2 g/cm3 varying with composition), high stiffness and yield strength [5]. It has been over 20 years since the successful implementation of gamma titanium aluminide (γ-TiAl) alloys in aerospace components produced by companies such as General Electric Aircraft
The realisation ofmicrostructure the process has been highlighted remarkable in the production of a refined of γ-TiAl since it offersby prompt rates of accomplishments both heating and cooling
Summary
Titanium-based intermetallics can be defined as metallic materials consisting of approximate stochiometric ratios in ordered crystal structures [1] These have properties such as low densities and high melting points, good high-temperature strength, resistance to oxidation and creep [2]. These possess properties which include good creep and oxidation properties at elevated temperature applications, low densities (3.9–4.2 g/cm varying with composition), high stiffness and yield strength [5] It has been over 20 years since the successful implementation of gamma titanium aluminide (γ-TiAl) alloys in aerospace components produced by companies such as General Electric Aircraft. This work is a summary of the progress, advancesofand challenges in holding times, lower sintering temperatures and marked increases on the properties materials the production and implementation of advances spark plasma sintered γ-TiAl. This work is a summary of the progress, and challenges in the alloys. Production and implementation of spark plasma sintered γ-TiAl alloys
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