Abstract
Clinical and experimental data have indicated that soybeans, soybean constituents and soy isoflavones have health implications in preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Inflammation and serum lipid profiles play pivotal roles in the development of CVD. We investigated the role of soy protein on lipid profiles, and inflammation indicated by the interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) level in 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)‐treated rats. The soy protein isolate used in the study contained 825 μg, 485 μg and 181 μg of genistein, daidzein and glycitein per gram of soy protein isolate, respectively. Soy protein decreased total cholesterol (P<0.001) and LDL‐cholesterol (P<0.001) compared to casein. DSS treatment increased serum IL‐6 levels (P<0.05) but IL‐6 levels were not significantly different between the diet groups. Interestingly, soy protein‐fed rats had lower final body weights (P<0.05), along with lower liver (P<0.01) and epididymal fat weights (P<0.05) despite no differences in food intakes. These results demonstrate that soy protein isolate may lower the risk of CVD by improving serum lipid levels and lowering body weights. Further study is warranted to examine the mechanism of soy protein in body weight reduction and/or alteration of body composition. This study was supported in the Advanced Nutrition Lab at San Diego State University and funded by SDSU UGP and CHNR08‐810.
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