Sowing Season and Nitrogen Fertilization Rates in Two Oats Cultivars Grown Under Greenhouse Conditions

Leandro Coelho de Araujo,Aline Tais de Carvalho de Oliveira,Luis Aurelio Sanches,Sabrina Novaes dos Santos-Araujo,Leonardo Bernardes Taverny de Oliveira,Antonio Clementino dos Santos

doi:10.5539/jas.v10n9p133

Abstract

Two experiments were carried out in the experimental field of the Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP in Ilha Solteira, São Paulo state, Brazil, in a greenhouse from April to July 2015. This study aimed at evaluating the best sowing season and response to nitrogen doses for the cultivars of yellow oat São Carlos and black IAPAR 61. The experiments were conducted in randomized blocks designs in a factorial scheme with three replicates. The sowing seasons were April 23, May 08, and May 5 and the nitrogen doses were 0; 12.5; 25; 35.5 and 50 kg ha-1 cycle. Harvests at 30 and 60 days were conducted in order to estimate of the production of dry weight (DW), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF). For a productivity of DW, there was interaction between sowing season and oat cultivars and significant differences for CP in the second harvesting. For NDF, a significant difference was observed between harvesting. The most suitable time for sowing of both yellow oats and black oats is early May. Dry weight yield and the CP content of yellow oats increased linearly with increasing nitrogen rates while for black oats a maximum DM yield were obtained with the application of 43.5 kg ha-1 of N.

Highlights

Overseeding is a widely used technique in southern Brazil and consists of planting a second crop on perennial forage during the winter in order to reduce seasonality and increase the biomass production for grazing
The main species of oats cultivated in Brazil are Avena sativa (L.) and Avena byzantina
Two experiments were conducted under the greenhouse at Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) in Ilha Solteira, São Paulo state, Brazil

Summary

Introduction

Overseeding is a widely used technique in southern Brazil and consists of planting a second crop on perennial forage during the winter in order to reduce seasonality and increase the biomass production for grazing. Among the used forage crops, oats are widely applied due to their high nutritive value, good acceptability for cattle and high potential for use in winter, which increases the interest of producers in several regions of Brazil (Rocha et al, 2007). The main species of oats cultivated in Brazil are Avena sativa (L.) and Avena byzantina Oats are known as forages of temperate climates, its cultivation tends to expand to other regions of the Cerrado due to its high capacity of adaptation and production in several types of soils and regions with warmer winter. Oat cultivation has been observed throughout the Central South region of the states of São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul (CBPA, 2006; Moreira & Reis, 2007)

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Results