Abstract
청보리, 밀, 호밀, 트리티케일, 귀리 등 5종의 총체맥류에 대하여 중부지역에서 답리작 재배시 월동 후인 3월 15일 부터 6월 15일까지 10일 간격으로 10회에 걸쳐 예취한 후 각 작물별 예취시기에 따른 사료가치를 비교하였다. ADF 함량은 5종의 총체맥류 모두 월동 후 증가하다가 각 작물별로 최고점에 도달한 후 성숙이 진행됨에 따라 감소되는 2차원적인 경향을 보였고, NDF 함량은 월동 후 점진적으로 증가하다가 대체로 어느 일정시기 이후에는 정체되거나 다소 감소되는 경향을 보였으며, 조단백질 함량은 잎이 풍부한 월동 직후에 높았다가 생육단계가 진행됨에 따라 점진적으로 감소되는 경향을 보였다. 가소화건물(DDM) 함량은 총체맥류 5종 모두 월동 후 생육이 진전될수록 낮아지다가 출수기 이후 종실이 충실해짐에 따라 다시 증가되는 경향을 보였고, 상대사료가치(RFV)는 월동 후 잎이 풍부한 생육초기에 높았다가 생육이 진전됨에 따라 감소되었으며, 출수기 이후에 종실이 충실해지면서 다시 증가되는 경향을 보였다. 맥종별로 보면 청보리인 영양보리는 다른 총체맥류에 비하여 출수기 이후 ADF와 NDF 함량이 낮았고, 가소화건물 함량과 상대사료가치(RFV)가 높았다. 금강밀은 다른 총체맥류에 비하여 단백질 함량이 높았고, 출수기 이후 가소화건물 함량과 상대사료 가치가 곡우호밀, 신영트리티케일, 삼한귀리에 비하여 상대적으로 높았다. 곡우호밀은 다른 총체맥류에 비하여 내한성과 내재해성이 강하지만 월동 후 성숙기 까지 ADF와 NDF 함량이 높고, DDM 함량과 상대사료가치 (RFV)가 낮은 조사료 작물에 해당하였다. 신영트리티케일은 영양보리 또는 금강밀과 곡우호밀의 중간적인 특성을 보였으며, 생육후기로 갈수록 가소화건물 수량이 직선적으로 증가하였다. 삼한귀리는 출수 전까지 ADF와 NDF 함량이 낮고 단백질이 풍부하였지만, 출수 후 성숙이 진행될수록 다른 총체맥류에 비하여 변화가 적었다. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the different cutting dates on the changes of feed quality among five cereals (barley, wheat, rye, triticale and oat) for whole crop silage. Field trials were conducted at paddy field in Yesan, Chungnam Province and the aerial parts were clipped 10 days from 15 March to 15 June. Changes of acid detergent fiber (ADF) content in relation to different cutting dates was described by a quadratic curve for 5 winter cereals crops. ADF content reached a maximum at 5 days after heading in barley cultivar 'Youngyang', 7 days in wheat 'Keumkang', 18 days in rye 'Gogu', 1 days in triticale 'Shinyoung' and 10 days in oat 'Samhan'. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content were linearly increased as growing after overwintering and stagnated or slightly decreased after heading. The crude protein were linearly decreased throughout the growth period of 5 whole crop cereals. Digestible dry matter (DDM) content were decreased from early stages to heading and subsequently increased as grain filling. Relative feed value (RFV) for 5 crops were decreased as growing and subsequently increased as grain filling after heading. Barley cultivar for only forage use 'Youngyang' were lower at ADF and NDF content and higher at DDM and RFV after heading than those of other cereals for forage use. So, barley for whole crop silage was a good crop with high feed quality and high proportion of spikes compared with other winter cereal crops. Wheat cultivar for grain 'Keumkang' were higher at crude protein than those of other four cereals from overwintering to maturing and were higher at DDM and RFV after heading than those of rye, triticale and oat. Rye cultivar with cold tolerant and high fresh yielding 'Gogu' were highest at ADF and NDF content and lowest at DDM content and RFV. So, rye was a crop with low quality for forage use compared to other winter cereal crops. Triticale cultivar with flourishing and high yielding 'Shinyoung' was intermediated between barley and rye, and were linearly increased at DDM yield by different cutting dates. Oat cultivar with cold tolerant and high tillering 'Samhan' were lower at ADF and NDF content and higher at crude protein before heading, but after heading, there are not especially advantages compared to barley, wheat or triticale.
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More From: Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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