Sowing quality and yielding capacity of spring wheat seeds depending on the pre-sowing treatment by protectants and microfertilizers

Abstract

Aim. To determine seed quality indices of bread spring wheat under environments of Right-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine depending on pre-sowing seed treatment with protectants and microfertilizers.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out at the V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS (2012-2014) on the spring wheat varieties Elehiia myronivska and Simkoda myronivska. Scheme of experiment: 1) Control (no treatment); 2) Rankona 15, ME, 1.2 l/t; 3) Celeste Top 312.5 FS, 1.5 l t; 4) Tseovit Grain, 1 l/t; 5) Fertigrain Start, 1 l/t; 6) Rankona 15, ME, 1.2 l/t + Tseovit Grain, 1 l/t; 7) Rankona 15, ME, 1.2 l/t + Fertigrain Start, 1 l/t; 8) Celeste Top 312.5 FS, 1.5 l/t + Tseovit Grain, 1 l/t; 9) Celeste Top 312.5 FS, 1.5 l/t + Fertigrain Start, 1 l/t.Results. On average, over the years of research (2012-2014) on seed treatment variant for protectants Rankona 15 ME, 1.2 l/t and Celeste Top 312.5 FS, 1.5 l/t yielding capacity of the variety Elehiia myronivska increased by 0.26–0.30 t/ha, the variety Simkoda myronivska – by 0.21–0.26 t/ha in comparison with the variant no treatment. When the seeds were treated with microfertilizers Tseovit Grain, 1 l/t and Fertigrain Start, 1 l/t, the productivity of varieties increased by 0.24–0.25 t/ha and 0.18–0.22 t/ha, respectively. The highest yield of Elehiia myronivska (3.55–3.59 t/ha) and Simkoda myronivska (3.37–3.44 t/ha) was produced resulted from seed treatment with protectants together with microfertilizers. This treatment also increased the mass of 1000 seeds. Seed treatment with protectant of fungicidal-insecticidal action Celeste Top 312.5 FS, 1.5 l/t together with microfertilizer Fertigrain Start, 1 l/t was the most effective. Presowing treatment of bread spring wheat seeds with protectants and microfertilizers promoted the formation of seeds with high germination energy, laboratory germination, longer coleoptile and more germ rootlets in the next generation.Conclusions. The positive effect of protectants and microfertilizers on yielding capacity and sowing seed quality has been experimentally revealed. The yield, mass of 1000 seeds, activity of sprouting, energy of germination, laboratory germination, as well as the length of coleoptile and the number of embryonic rootlets increased with seed treatment with a mixture of Rankona 15, ME, 1.2 l/t and Celeste Top 312.5 FS, 1.5 l/t combined with microfertilizers Tseovit Grain, 1 l/t and Fertigrain Start, 1 l/t.