Abstract
Rapid industrial development associatedwith production of toxic wastes, especially heavy metals, has led to anurgent need of creating new sorption materials to remove these wastes from water supplies. This study aimed atdetermining the effectiveness of as-prepared CNT-IPSF/Fe3O4nanocomposites in removal of lead(II) ionsfrom contaminated water. Carbon nanotubes prepared by CVD exhibited fine threads with average internal diameters of 40-50 nm while magnetite silica NPs had cubic spinel structure; due to the strongest reflection from the (311) plane. The silica coated magnetite had magnetization value of 2.5 emu/g while the polysulfonecontributed towards well packed and uniform structure depicting higher surface area suitable in adsorption studies. The magnetite silica NPs had very intense peaks, indicating the ultra-fine nature and small crystallite size of the particles. The peaks indexed as planes (220), (311), (400), (422), (511) and (440) corresponded to a cubic unit cell, characteristic of a cubic spinel structure while crystallite size measurements were determined as 22.4 nm from the strongest reflection of the (311) peak, using the Scherrer approximation. Optimization of parameters for Pb(II) ions removal gave optimum conditions of adsorbent dose (0.05 g), contact time (60 mins) and pH5 which were set constant in further analysis. Kinetics for adsorption of Pb(II) ions fitted well with pseudo second order model with highest correlation coefficient values of >0.9 while the adsorption process gave best fit with Freundlich isotherms.Desorption efficiencies (%) for Pb(II) ions of above 50%confirms the reliability of the desorption test in the reusability of the magnetoresponsive CNT- IPSF/Fe3O4nanocomposite fabricated. Desorption of the Pb(II) ions using HNO3 made the developed adsorbent a viable alternative to the common adsorbents available for treatment of wastewater with heavy metal ions. The nanocomposites showed 69 % for Pb(II) ions removal from wastewater compared to 54% Pb(II) ions removal for activated carbon used as standard adsorbent.
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