Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of hemagglutination-inhibition antibodies against arboviruses in wild birds in two serological surveys conducted in Salinopolis/Para State. A total of 544 birds of 17 species were captured, being nine resident and eight migratory. Blood was collected from 350 birds for virus isolation, but no virus was isolated. Of the 95 sera in which the hemagglutination inhibition test was performed, 14.7% were reactive to alphavirus, 9.5% to flavivirus and 7.4% to bunyavirus. Of the positive reactions, 84.9% occurred in migratory birds and 15.1% i resident birds. The proportions of positive reactions to the test among migratory and resident birds were 31.5% and 18.2%, respectively, which was not statistically different (p> 0.05). For alphaviruses, the species Pluvialis squatarola showed 28.6% positivity, followed by 11.8% in Arenaria interpres. For flaviviruses, only the species Sterna superciliares and Calidris pusilla were reactive to the hemagglutination inhibition test. Regarding the bunyavirus, the Arenaria interpres was 5.9% positive for the Oropouche virus. Migratory birds have proved to be important amplifiers of the arboviruses surveyed, although no viruses were isolated. Some bird species have greater amplification capacity of certain arboviruses than others. Virus isolation in wild birds is difficult, in view of the need of blood sampling in animals within the viremic period. KEYWORDS: arboviruses; migratory birds; infection.
Highlights
Birds were 31.5% and 18.2%, respectively, which was not statistically different (p> 0.05)
Only the species Sterna superciliares and Calidris pusilla were reactive to the hemagglutination inhibition test
Virus isolation in wild birds is difficult, in view of the need of blood sampling in animals within the viremic period
Summary
Realizou-se análise descritiva dos resultados obtidos a partir de dois inquéritos sorológicos em aves silvestres, no município de Salinópolis/PA, por ser um ponto de pouso e invernada de aves migratórias, entre os meses de abril e maio de 2007 e no mesmo período em 2008. Para determinação temporal do momento de realização do inquérito, foi considerada a época do ano, o período de retorno das aves migratórias para o continente norte americano, a tábua de marés (alta) e a fase lunar (lua nova e quarto crescente). A partir do volume de sangue coletado, foi possível centrifugar parte do material para realização do teste de Inibição de Hemaglutinação (IH) e o restante do sangue total foi encaminhado para tentativa de isolamento viral. Quando foi coletada pequena quantidade de sangue, o material foi encaminhado diretamente para o isolamento viral. Para análise das informações foi considerada a espécie da ave capturada, o “status” de migratória ou residente, o tipo de anticorpo detectado pela técnica de IH e o tipo de reação (RM – Reação Monotípica, RC- Reação Cruzada). As análises foram implementadas utilizando-se o programa R 2.13 (http://www.R-project.org)
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