Abstract
We examined the characteristics of an electron beam irradiated wool with an absorbed dose of (21–410) kGy in comparison with natural wool with respect to the determination of the isoelectric point (IEP), zero charge point (ZCP), mechanism of Cr(III) sorption from higher concentrated solutions, and the modelling of the wool-Cr(III) interaction. The data of ZPC and IEP differed between natural and irradiated samples. Increasing the dose shifted the pH of ZPC from 6.85 for natural wool to 6.20 for the highest dosed wool, while the natural wool IEP moved very little, from pH = 3.35 to 3.40 for all of the irradiated samples. The sorption experiments were performed in a pH bath set at 3.40, and the determination of the residual Cr(III) in the bath was performed by VIS spectrometry under optimized conditions. The resulting sorptivity showed a monotonically rising trend with increasing Cr(III) concentration in the bath. Lower doses, unlike higher doses, showed better sorptivity than the natural wool. FTIR data indicated the formation of complex chromite salts of carboxylates and cysteinates. Crosslinks via ligands coming from different keratin chains were predicted, preferably on the surface of the fibers, but to a degree that did not yet inhibit the diffusion of Cr(III)-cations into the fiber volume. We also present a concept of a complex octahedral structure.
Highlights
In technologies using chromium salts, adsorption can be exploited to pre-concentrate small chromium quantities for various purposes as well as in waste water management.Considering the application of inorganic adsorption materials for chromium, Bedemo et al [1]described the removal of Cr (III) from aqueous solution using aluminum oxide hydroxide
The varied representation of amino acids with different side chain type in keratin does not allow the determination of the isoelectric point (IEP) of sheep wool by direct calculation from pKa data
We tried to find the effect of wool irradiation on the point of zero charge (PZC) and IEP
Summary
In technologies using chromium salts, adsorption can be exploited to pre-concentrate small chromium quantities for various purposes as well as in waste water management.Considering the application of inorganic adsorption materials for chromium, Bedemo et al [1]described the removal of Cr (III) from aqueous solution using aluminum oxide hydroxide. In technologies using chromium salts, adsorption can be exploited to pre-concentrate small chromium quantities for various purposes as well as in waste water management. Considering the application of inorganic adsorption materials for chromium, Bedemo et al [1]. Described the removal of Cr (III) from aqueous solution using aluminum oxide hydroxide. Examined the feasibility of hexavalent chromium removal using mackinawite (FeS)-coated sand, which completely reduced Cr(VI) to Cr(III). Dong et al [3] made poly(catechol-1,4-butanediamine)-coated. Fe3 O4 composite capable of successfully removing Cr(VI), some part of which could be reduced partially to Cr(III). Defective porous boron nitride was successfully tested for adsorption of Cr(III)/Cr(VI) [4], and the results clarified that the strong adsorption of both ions is chemisorption, and not dispersion or electrostatic attraction. Zhu et al [5] prepared nanoscale zero-valent iron/nickel and tested Cr(VI)
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