Abstract
Development of new oil and gas waters of the continental shelf of the Far North due to the need to create a unique ice-resistant oil country waterworks. To assess the impact of the power of ice on such constructions are carried out theoretical and experimental research. One of the main issues are the issues of modeling with experimental studies. Ice, as a natural material belongs to the class of solids which is characterized by both physical and mechanical properties, but the ice consists of the same basic elements as that of ordinary water, i.e., from hydrogen and oxygen molecules. In this connection, ice scaling laws can obtain an extension of standard hydraulic methods. Phenomena called similar characteristics when one of them may be prepared by conversion of other characteristics of this phenomenon using permanent relationship, similar to the transition from one unit to another system. To ensure the similarity phenomena under the influence of ice is necessary that a hydraulic or mechanical model is completely consistent nature subject to geometrical, kinematic and dynamic similarity. The article notes that the dynamic similitude ratio Fн = Fм ∙ λF is sufficient to determine all other scale model. If all the forces manifest themselves in the same ratio for the corresponding points and points in time, the mechanical equilibrium equation will be the same on the model and in nature. This simplifies the preparation of other scales of values. Article is relevant due to insufficient knowledge of the issues of modeling of ice in model studies. Finally it is noted that complete similarity to ice model that takes into account the force of gravity for the water and ice, the inertia force and friction of water ice is thus similar in Froude.
Highlights
Полное подобие для ледовой модели, учитывающее вышеперечисленные силы, является, также подобием по Фруду
One of the main issues are the issues of modeling with experimental studies
As a natural material belongs to the class of solids which is characterized by both physical and mechanical properties, but the ice consists of the same basic elements as that of ordinary water, i.e., from hydrogen and oxygen molecules
Summary
ФГБОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет» Москва, Россия Доцент. В статье отмечается, что при динамическом подобии соотношение Fн = Fм F является достаточным для определения всех других масштабов модели. Если все силы проявляются в том же самом соотношении для соответствующих точек и моментов времени, то уравнения механического равновесия будут теми же самыми и на модели, и в натуре. Для обеспечения подобия явлений необходимо, чтобы гидравлическая или механическая модель полностью соответствовала натуре при соблюдении геометрического, кинематического и динамического подобия. Если все силы проявляются в том же самом соотношении для соответствующих точек и моментов времени, то уравнения механического равновесия будут теми же самыми везде на модели и в натуре, т. Лед состоит из молекул водорода и кислорода, так же как и обычная вода, поэтому законы подобия льда можно получить расширением стандартных методов гидравлики [1; 8; 9]
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