Abstract
This chapter reviews basic concepts in quantum mechanics, operators and their applications, energy quantization in quantum-confined systems (i.e. nanostructures) such as quantum wells, wires and dots, and ends with a description of time-independent and time-dependent perturbation theory. The purpose is to present the essential tools needed to understand and appreciate the quantum foundations of nanostructured solid state devices. As an example of applying quantum mechanics to a solid state device, time-independent perturbation theory is employed to elucidate the operation of an electro-optic modulator based on the quantum-confined Stark effect. Performance metrics of this device are calculated using perturbation theory, thereby exemplifying how quantum mechanics plays a critical role in device operation.
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