Abstract
The Ayyubid- Mamluk Muslim rulers built or rebuilt castles in order to defend their borders against the crusaders. During the 12th-13th centuries, they changed hands several times, but were maintained and strengthened mainly by the Muslims, as attested by numerous Arabic inscriptions found incorporated into the buildings. It is important to mention here that Irene A. Bierman’s book entitled Writing Signs: The Fatimid Public Text (1998) has been used as a model to carry out the following discussion, in addition to further studies about medieval castles of Jordan which have been used in the catalogue. The researcher intends to discuss aspects of the languages and context of the inscriptions listed in the catalogue. By far the largest type is the group of foundation and restoration texts, put up to show who had ordered the construction and to stake out territory.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
