Abstract

背景与目的肺癌是一种严重威胁人类健康的恶性肿瘤,其发病率及死亡率近年始终排在全国首位。肺癌患者常伴发焦虑、抑郁等情绪问题,而焦虑抑郁等情绪问题会进一步引发一系列躯体症状。目前,临床上对于肺癌患者的躯体化症状认识不足,相关的临床研究较少,本研究以肿瘤内科患者为研究对象,探究肺癌患者的躯体化症状及其与焦虑、抑郁的相关性分析。方法对符合躯体化症状诊断标准的肺癌患者,用患者健康问卷躯体症状群量表(Patient Health Questionnaire-15, PHQ-15)中文版进行躯体症状统计,用汉密尔顿焦虑他评量表(Hamilton Anxiety Scale, HAMA)和汉密尔顿抑郁他评量表(Hamilton Depression Scale, HAMD)评定焦虑和抑郁状态。计算焦虑或抑郁检出率及不同程度躯体化症状人数,分析躯体化症状与焦虑、抑郁的相关性,统计不同躯体化症状发生频率的分布情况。结果50例具有躯体化症状的肺癌患者中,存在焦虑抑郁情绪的患者有43例,仅焦虑、仅抑郁及焦虑合并抑郁的患病率分别为10%、10%、66%,其中躯体化症状程度越高,焦虑合并抑郁的检出率越高。躯体化症状与焦虑、抑郁的相关分析显示,PHQ-15总分、PHQ-15阳性症状数目与HAMA得分(r=0.752, P < 0.001; r=0.710, P < 0.001)、HAMD得分(r=0.648, P < 0.001; r=0.618, P < 0.001)呈显著正相关。具有躯体化症状的肺癌患者临床症状出现频率由高到低依次是疲劳(96%)、虚弱感(88%)、睡眠障碍(84%)、头晕(82%)、肢体或关节疼痛(80%)等;不同性别肺癌患者之间的躯体化症状比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论具有躯体化症状的肺癌患者焦虑、抑郁常见,躯体化症状与焦虑、抑郁密切相关,此类患者最常见的临床症状为非特异性全身不适症状。

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