Abstract
Optimization of tissue culture and regeneration conditions of eggplant is necessary for achieving different goals such as gene transformation and the development of somaclonal variations. In this study, hypocotyl explants ware used to produce callus in a medium containing different concentrations of NAA and BAP. Moreover, the concentration of the elements Ca, Mn, Mg, Fe and K were measured and analysed between embryogenic and non-embryogenic calli. For shoot elongation, embryogenic calli were transferred to a new culture medium containing 3.5, 4 and 4.5 mg l-1 BAP plus 2 mg l-1 GA3. Finally, produced shoots were rooted in a culture medium containing 1, 1.5 and 2 mg l-1 NAA. Results showed that the best treatment for the embryogenic callus induction was MS medium containing 0.5 mg l-1 BAP plus 0.25 mg l-1 NAA. Two elements, Fe and K, had the highest amount in non-embryogenic calli compare to the embryogenic one. For plant regeneration, MS medium containing 4.5 mg l-1 BAP plus 2 mg l-1 GA3 and 2 mg l-1 NAA were the best treatments for shooting and rooting, respectively. In this study, the best treatments for plant regeneration produced 35 shoots from an explant with 92 % shooting. This regeneration protocol could be useful for gene transformation and micro-propagation studies.
Highlights
Eggplant (Solanum melongena L., 2n = 2x = 24) is one of the important plants of the Solanaceae family (Portis, et al, 2018), which grown for its often purple edible fruit
The MS medium was used for germination and seedlings growth of eggplant (Park & Facchini, 2000)
After 15 to 20 days, hypocotyl explants were placed in MS culture medium containing different concentrations of auxin (NAA) and cytokinin (BAP) to produce callus (Table 1)
Summary
Due to the reasons mentioned above, studies of the full plant regeneration from explants are of special importance in plants. The fruit of the eggplant is found in the diet of many people in the world For this reason, several studies have been carried out on regeneration of this plant through somatic embryogenesis using different explants such as leaf and cotyledon (Foo, et al, 2018), root (Franklin, et al, 2004) and hypocotyl (Statish, et al, 2015). Wheat came to the same conclusions (Hoque & Mansfield, 2004; Schween & Schwenkel, 2003; Zale, et al, 2004) For this reason, in this study, regeneration of a native cultivar of Iran, Ghal-. 152 Acta agriculturae Slovenica, 115/1 – 2020 ami Varamin, which is commonly cultivated, was studied using somatic embryogenesis using hypocotyl explants
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