Abstract
Considering the growing economic importance of tropical flowers and the advantages of techniques applied to the in vitro cultivation of these plants, it is necessary to carry out studies to evaluate growth in species such as Heliconia latispatha. The aim of this study therefore, was to evaluate in vitro shoot induction for different concentrations of BAP and NAA and as a function of the photoperiod. Explants from zygotic embryos were inoculated in MS medium containing different concentrations of BAP (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 or 2.5 mg L-1), with the cultures kept in a growth room at a temperature of 24.0 ± 2.0° C, under a photoperiod of 12 and 16 hours of light and a light intensity of 30 μmol m-2 s-1. At 21, 28, 35, 42 and 49 days after inoculation, the number of shoots per explant was evaluated. The treatment at the BAP concentration that gave the best multiplication rate (2.5 mg L-1) was set, and was tested in a further trial with different concentrations of NAA (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0 6, 0.8 or 1.0 mg L-1) under the same conditions as the previous experiment. The experimental designs were completely randomised, with five replications, and analysed in a 6 x 2 factorial. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and regression. No significant differences were seen in relation to the photoperiod or its interaction with the cytokinin and auxin under test. Multiplication was greater in the presence of 2.5 mg L-1 BAP, which gave a rate of 1.25 shoots/explant at 49 days of in vitro culture. The association of this BAP dosage with 1.0 mg L-1 NAA was even more efficient, producing 1.83 shoots per explant at 30 days of growth. The use of BAP together with NAA is beneficial to the induction of shoots in H. latispatha.
Highlights
Over the past few years, the Brazilian market for flowers and ornamental plants has been growing dynamically
Considered profitable, the cultivation of tropical flowers has been on the increase and is regarded as a viable alternative in small rural areas (COELHO et al, 2016)
The explants were obtained from cultures previously established in vitro from zygotic embryos and multiplied by successive subcultures, under a photoperiod of 12 and 16 hours, in a basic MS culture medium (MURASHIGE and SKOOG, 1962) supplemented with 30 g L-1 sucrose and solidified with 5.5 g L-1 agar
Summary
Over the past few years, the Brazilian market for flowers and ornamental plants has been growing dynamically. It should be noted that, of the species of heliconia classified as moderately suitable for cut flowers, Heliconia latispatha is still little cultivated or traded in the domestic market. Bearing in mind that the in vitro cultivation of Heliconia latispatha has to date not been reported in the literature, it becomes necessary to establish responsive micropropagation protocols for the production of plantlets of high phytosanitary and genetic quality on a large scale, in order to meet the demands of commercial production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the growth regulators BAP and NAA and of photoperiod on the in vitro shoot induction of Heliconia latispatha Bentham cv.
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