Abstract
The results of studies of somatic chromosomal instability aneuploidy and polyploidy, the number of fragments and breaks in the blood cells of Holstein cows with a productivity of over 9000 kg are presented. The studies were carried out at JSC “Vaganovo” of the Promyshlennovskiy district of the Kemerovo Region on a population of Holstein cows. Sample preparation was carried out according to the method of P. Moorhead and co-authors, and their staining according to RomanovskyGiemsa. 2452 metaphase plates of cattle blood were studied. The ecological situation was analyzed in the zone of its keeping and breeding. Studies of soil, feed, organs and tissues in farm animals of various species confirm the fact that there are no heavy metal contamination on the territory of Western Siberia and their level is within the limits of sanitary standards. As a result of the study, the frequency of somatic chromosomal instability, including numerical violations and structural aberrations of chromosomes, was established. In the studied sample, the frequency of polyploidy was 0.74%, tetraploidy, triploidy and hexaploidy 0.41; 0.25 and 0.08%, respectively. The frequency of fragments and breaks was approximately the same - 3.83 and 2.91%, respectively. The overall level of chromosome aberrations was 6.75%. The number of diploid cells was 84.25%. Due to the paucity of data on the somatic chromosomal instability of the Holstein breed in Kuzbass conditions, the data obtained can be preliminarily considered as normal values, and also used in assessing the interior of animals.
Highlights
The results of studies of somatic chromosomal instability aneuploidy and polyploidy, the number of fragments and breaks in the blood cells of Holstein cows with a productivity of over 9000 kg are presented
Western Siberia and their level is within the limits of sanitary standards
Due to the paucity of data on the somatic chromosomal instability of the Holstein breed in Kuzbass conditions, the data obtained can be preliminarily considered as normal values, and used in assessing the interior of animals
Summary
СОМАТИЧЕСКАЯ ХРОМОСОМНАЯ НЕСТАБИЛЬНОСТЬ У КОРОВ ГОЛШТИНСКОЙ ПОРОДЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ КУЗБАССА. Ключевые слова: голштинская порода скота, соматическая хромосомная нестабильность, аберрации, полиплоидия, анеуплоидия. Изложены результаты исследований соматической хромосомной нестабильности – анеуплоидии и полиплоидии, количества фрагментов и разрывов в клетках крови голштинских коров с продуктивностью свыше 9000 кг. Исследования проведены в ОАО «Ваганово» Промышленновского района Кемеровской области на популяции голштинских коров. В результате исследования была установлена частота соматической хромосомной нестабильности, включающей числовые нарушения и структурные аберрации хромосом. В изученной выборке частота полиплоидии составила 0,74 %, тетраплоидии, триплоидии и гексаплоидии 0,41; 0,25 и 0,08 % соответственно. Частота фрагментов и разрывов была приблизительно одинаковой – 3,83 и 2,91 % соответственно. В связи с малочисленностью данных по соматической хромосомной нестабильности голштинской породы в условиях Кузбасса полученные данные можно предварительно рассматривать в качестве нормальных значений, а также использовать при оценке интерьера животных
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