Abstract
Cajuput (Melaleuca leucadendra L.) oil is one of potential commodity that provides an important role for the country’s foreign exchange but the extraction of these essential oil is still using conventional method such as hydrodistillation which takes a long time to produce essential oil with good quality. Therefore it is necessary to optimize the extraction process using a more effective and efficient method. So in this study the extraction is done using solvent-free microwave extraction method that are considered more effective and efficient than conventional methods. The optimum yield in the extraction of cajuput oil using solvent-free microwave extraction method is 1.0674%. The optimum yield is obtained on the feed to distiller (F/D) ratio of 0.12 g/mL with microwave power of 400 W. In the extraction of cajuput oil using solvent-free microwave extraction method is performed first-order and second-order kinetics modelling. Based on kinetics modelling that has been done, it can be said that the second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.9901) can be better represent experimental results of extraction of cajuput oil that using solvent-free microwave extraction method when compared with the first-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.9854).
Highlights
Cajuput (Melaleuca leucadendra L.) oil is one of potential commodity that provides an important role for the country’s foreign exchange
The main product from the cajuput plant is cajuput oil that produced by the distillation of cajuput leaves
The cajuput plant in Java Island has a capacity of 53,760 tons per year for cajuput leaves and total annual production of cajuput oil produced in Java by 300 tons [7]
Summary
Cajuput (Melaleuca leucadendra L.) oil is one of potential commodity that provides an important role for the country’s foreign exchange. It can be obtained from parts of plants including stems, leaves, or fruits. Melaleuca leucadendra L. or cajuput is a traditional low-growing tree that the leaves can be produced an essential oil. The main product from the cajuput plant is cajuput oil that produced by the distillation of cajuput leaves. The cajuput plant in Java Island has a capacity of 53,760 tons per year for cajuput leaves and total annual production of cajuput oil produced in Java by 300 tons [7]. In Indonesia, the annual supply of cajuput oil necessity is 1500 tons [8]
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