Abstract
Solvent sublation, a surface chemical technique, was used to remove mono-, di-, trichlorobenzenes and a chlorinated pesticide (DDT) from aqueous solutions, Considerable improvement in efficiency of removal as compared to conventional fine bubble aeration was observed when bubbles of very small size (< 0.5 mm dia) were used. The materials were solvent sublated (levitated using fine air bubbles) into mineral oil and lauryl alcohol. The experiments were conducted on a laboratory batch scale. The larger the hydrophobicity of the compound, the better the removal efficiency by solvent sublation was found to be. The removal rate was somewhat enhanced by higher airflow rates and was also more or less independent of the volume of the organic solvent floated on top of the aqueous column. Low aqueous/organic solvent interfacial tension, immiscibility with water and high affinity for the chlorinated compounds were essential characteristics of a good solvent that can be used for sublation purposes. A theoretical model was tested but agreement with experiment was found to be only satisfactory. The effects of non-hydrophobic organics (e.g. ethanol), electrolytes (e.g. sodium nitrate) and long chain alkyl surfactants (e.g. sodium lauryl sulfate) upon the process were also studied.
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