Solvent–Solid Interface of Acid Catalysts Studied by High Resolution MAS NMR

Abstract

High-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) NMR spectroscopy was used to study the effect of mixed solvent systems on the acidity at the solid–liquid interface of solid acid catalysts. A method was developed that can exploit benefits of both solution and solid-state NMR (SSNMR) by wetting porous solids with small volumes of liquids (<2 μL/mg) to create an interfacial liquid that exhibits unique motional dynamics intermediate to an isotropic liquid and a rigid solid. Results from these experiments provide information about the influence of the solvent mixtures on the acidic properties at a solid–liquid interface. Importantly, use of MAS led to spectra with full resolution between water in an acidic environment and that of bulk water. Using mixed solvent systems, the chemical shift of water was used to compare the relative acidity as a function of the hydration level of the DMSO-d6 solvent. Nonlinear increasing acidity was observed as the DMSO-d6 became more anhydrous. 1H HR-MAS NMR experiments on a varie...