Abstract
The use of ionic liquids for micro-extraction of metals has been popularized during the last decades. The main drawback for this application of ILs is leaching into the sample. Hollow fiber liquid phase micro-extraction might be a promising approach due to the immobilization of the ILs during the extraction process.Herein, we evaluate the abilities of Aliquat® 336 and its thiosalicylate ([A336][TS]) and 2-(methylthio)benzoate ([A336][MTBA]) derivatives, as well as Cyphos® IL 101 salicylate ([C101][Sal]) and anthranilate ([C101][Ant]) analogs supported on a solvent micro-extraction bar to extract metallic ions such as Ag(I), Cd(II), Cr(VI), Cu(II), Ni(II), Pb(II) and Pt(VI) from aqueous solutions. Leaching was reduced by ca. 60% using SBME compared to liquid-liquid extraction for most of the ionic liquids tested; an 88% reduction was achieved using Aliquat® 336.Regarding metal extraction, quantitative removal was obtained for Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb using [A336][TS] after an extraction period of 5 h. For Ag and Pt, the phosphonium-based ionic liquids [C101][Sal] and [C101][Ant] showed the highest efficiency, only surpassed by Aliquat® 336 in the case of Ag extraction (97%).
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