Abstract
AbstractDeveloping solution‐processed, thickness‐insensitive hole‐transporting layers (HTLs) is a key challenge in scaling high‐performance organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, a simple and efficient method is presented to produce highly conductive molybdenum oxide (MoOx) HTLs by n‐doping ammonium heptamolybdate with a reductive ionic liquid (IL). Owing to the n‐doping effect and inherent conductivity of IL, the conductivity of the 5% IL:MoOx significantly increased to 8.06 × 10−3 S m−1, surpassing traditional solution‐processed MoOx HTLs. Moreover, the IL's multifunctional non‐covalent adsorption sites and high boiling point help reduce electronic disorder and passivate parasitic traps, enhancing the overall performance. As a result, 5% IL:MoOx shows excellent versatility in commonly used photoactive systems and achieves a remarkable PCE of 19.55% in the D18:N3:L8‐BO ternary system. This outperforms neat MoOx and PEDOT:PSS devices and represents as the highest reported value among single‐junction OSCs with solution‐processed MoOx HTLs. Additionally, devices with 5% IL:MoOx also exhibit superior stability compared to PEDOT:PSS devices. Furthermore, 5% IL:MoOx shows impressive thickness insensitivity, maintaining 83.3% of the optimum PCE even at a thickness of 150 nm. The exceptional PCE, versatility, stability, and thickness insensitivity of the 5% IL:MoOx HTL collectively highlight its potential as a substitute for PEDOT:PSS in scaling OSC production.
Published Version
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