Solitary wave solution of (3+1)-dimensional cylindrical Kadomstev–Petviashvili equation in warm opposite polarity dusty plasma

Abstract

A theoretical investigation is done to study the propagation of dust-acoustic (DA) solitary waves in a dusty plasma system containing dynamic positively as well as negatively charged warm dust species and nonthermally distributed ion and electron species. The standard reductive perturbation method is employed to derive the (3+1)-dimensional cylindrical Kadomstev–Petviashvili (KP) equation (also known as cylindrical Korteweg–de Vries equation), which admits solitary wave solution for small but finite amplitudes. The parametric regimes for the existence of DA solitary waves are obtained. Two modes, namely, slow and fast are observed corresponding to different phase velocities. The slow mode has negative solitary pulses, whereas the fast mode contains both positive and negative DA solitary waves. It is shown that the ratio of positively charged dust to negatively charged dust number density significantly modifies the basic features of the DA solitary waves. The noteworthy effects of other parameters (viz. the nonthermal parameter and ion-to-electron temperature ratio) on the basic properties (namely, phase speed, polarity, amplitude, and width) of the DA solitary waves are also mentioned. The fundamental features and the underlying physics of the electrostatic solitary structures that are relevant to cometary tails, upper mesosphere, Jupiter’s magnetosphere, etc., are briefly discussed.