Abstract
Combination therapy for cancer treatment is accepted worldwide due to the generation of synergistic anticancer effects; restrain in multidrug resistance (MDR) or tumor resistance by different mechanisms of action and minimization of dose-dependent toxicity. Recently developed Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are matrix composed of lipid which is solid at both room and body temperature and hence it is as an alternative to other nanocarrier systems. SLNs after oral administration get absorbed by lymphatic pathway due to stimulation of chylomicron formation. Thus, it avoids all consequences related to an oral drug delivery system and improves oral bioavailability. SLNs based combination drug delivery to tumor tissues reduces the problems associated with chemotherapy. The targeted and sustained delivery of chemotherapeutic agents reduces the dose by achieving high concentrations at the target site, without altering the normal tissues. In this article, we have reviewed and focused on SLNs as a drug delivery system; ingredients used in formulating SLNs and developed two or more drugs in a single formulation of SLNs as drug delivery. This article also focuses on the fact that SLNs as a combination drug delivery provides an attractive approach in future prevention and beneficial for the treatment of cancer by increasing its therapeutic efficacy.
Highlights
Cancer has been listed as one of the most challenging to treat diseases
The aggressive growth of cancer cells promoted by the intricacy and heterogeneity of abnormal and altered cells leads to significant morbidity and mortality in patients [1, 2]
The goal of cancer treatment in the modern era is to target the cancerous cell without affecting normal cells selectively
Summary
Cancer has been listed as one of the most challenging to treat diseases. Genetic alterations and cellular abnormalities are noticed in cancer. Problems associated with conventional single-drug chemotherapy include limited accessibility of the drug to tumor tissues requiring an additional dose and leading to intolerable cytotoxicity with specific targeting not being achieved To avoid these hindrances in cancer therapy, combinatorial chemotherapy is preferred clinically. Combinatorial therapy decreases the side effects of individual drug therapy by taking into consideration synergistic effect of two drugs administered in a single dosage form, countering different biological signaling pathways in a synergistic manner, possibly minimizing dosage of each drug or accessing specific multi-target mechanisms, insufficient transportation through membrane, inadequate bioavailability and least biodistribution can be overcome [5] This approach may be helpful in enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of drugs since it attacks different stages of cancer cell growth cycles [6]. Lipids Triglycerides Tricaprin Tristearin Trilaurin Tri-myristin Tri-palmitin Hydrogenated coco-glycerides (Softisan 142) Hard fat types Witepsol W 35 Witepsol H 35 Witepsol H 42 Witepsol O 85 Glyceryl monostearate (Capmul GMS-40) Glycerylbehenate (Compritol 888 ATO) Glycerylpalmitostearate (Precirol ATO 5) Cetylpalmitate Stearic acid Palmitic acid Decanoic acid Behenic acid Emulsifiers/Coemulsifiers Soybean lecithin (Lipoid S 75, Lipoid S 100) Egg lecithin (Lipoid E 80) Phosphatidylcholine (Epikuron 170, Epikuron 200) Poloxamer 188 Poloxamer 182 Poloxamer 407 Poloxamine 908 Tween 20 Tween 80 Span 80 Sodium cholate Sodium glycocholate Taurocholic acid sodium salt Taurodeoxycholic acid sodium salt Butanol Butyric acid Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate Monooctylphosphoric acid sodium (Glycerol Tristearate) (Glycerol Trilaurate) (Glycerol Trimyristate) (Glycerol Tripalmitate)
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